Principles Of Economics

Questions: 1. Suppose there are two monopolies. One monopoly supplies water and the other monopoly provide landline phone connections. Which company is likely to have greater market power and why? Explain using the concept of elasticity. 2. Identify and justify the market structure of KFC, MacDonalds and Hungry Jack. Explain using diagrams. 3. Critically discuss the level of competition faced by Charles Darwin University in Darwin vs the campus in Sydney. Explain using diagrams. 4. Suppose fire emergency services are only provided by the government in Australia and there is no market for fire emergency services. Now assume that fire emergency services are not provided by the government anymore and are privatised. Show the demand and supply diagram of fire emergency after privatisation. Explain the price elasticity of demand for fire emergency services. Show with the aid of a diagram and explain your answer. 5. Identify the main models of competition learnt in this unit. Give a brief description of each model in no more than 100 words. Discuss the most realistic models of competition in Australia with examples. 6. How will student enrolments be impacted at CDU if the pass mark at CDU was increased from 50% to 60% for all tertiary students? Explain using demand and supply diagram. 7. Explain the slope of marginal cost curve. How is marginal cost linked to opportunity cost? Why is concept of marginal cost important in economics? What is the marginal cost of adding an additional household on to the NBN network? 8. How best do you explain the success of supermarkets using the concepts learnt in this unit? Answers: Introduction The purpose of this report is to analyze on the different market structure of various companies. Market structure refers to the organizational features of a particular market. It focuses on those characteristics that influence the competition nature and pricing. The vital features of the market structure includes- the number of entities, the share of market of largest entities, the cost nature, product differentiation, customers turnover and the purchasers structure in the industry. The competition that each entity faces in the market has been segregated into various models. However, these models of competition have been explained in this study. In addition, slope of marginal cost and linkage of marginal cost to opportunity cost is also highlighted in this report. Answer 1 A monopoly is the type of market structure that is characterized by one seller selling unique commodity in the competitive market (Kirzner 2015). However, no competition exists in this type of market and the retailer is the sole manufacturer of commodities with no substitutes. In this case, there are two types of monopolies- one that supplies water and another that provides landline phone connections. These two types of monopolies are also referred to as natural monopoly. Natural monopoly exists in that market situation where single firm supplies particular commodities at lower cost that might be attained by other rivalries. This competition is uneconomical as multiple manufacturers are unable to utilize scale economics and this outcome in higher prices. Water is considered as necessity good for the householders as it has no alternatives. If the water firm in this monopoly market increases water bills cost, the consumers would keep purchasing the service. Therefore, tap water is considered as inelastic good as demand for the service remains the same despite rise or drop in price of water bills. On the contrary, landline phones are considered as substitute product. Therefore, increase in price of landline phone by the monopolist leads to decline in demand for the product. Hence, it is deemed as elastic product as it has other alternatives. Thus, it can be noted that water company has higher market power than landline phones company. Answer 2 KFC, Mac Donald and Hungry Jack fall under the monopolistic market structure. In monopolistically competitive market, large number of producers sells commodities that are slightly differentiated from each other and thus are not close substitutes in respect of quality and brand. Moreover, in monopolistic market structure, each firm faces no barriers in the entering and exiting the industry (Rios et al. 2013). These companies cannot limit their total production because there are huge number of competitors in the industries of the fast food chain. As a result, collusion does not exist in the market. Although these companies manufacture their own commodities, they compete in terms of product price. These firms are considered as monopolistic as they sets their price based on production cost and have no perfect substitute for their meals. However, these entities focus on rivalries and target markets in setting their product prices. These companies face few hurdles in terms of economies of scale. Owing to this, they increase their production scale and this leads to decline in cost of goods per output unit. In addition, advancement of technology also helps the firms in producing foods faster and sell at less cost. This is illustrated with the help of the diagram below: Figure 1: Market structure of KFC, Mc Donald and Hungary Jack Source: (Authors creation) Answer 3 Both the Charles Darwin University in Darwin and the campus existing in Sydney faces huge level of competition. In an attempt to attract large number of students from these two places, this university competes vigorously with other universities within the country or from other countries. As their focus is to endeavor into international marketplace, they face high levels of competition. Moreover, as this university has been exposed to competition pressures, it compels the university to improve their educations methods and systems. This university implemented new technology in Sydney campus in which the students can have access to it and this helps them to face huge competition. tis university can be considered as entities in monopolistically competitive market that provides similar service that is education but is not similar. In fact, the education considered as product differs in terms of location, services extent, image and its quality. This can be explained with the help of the di agram given below: Figure 2: University offering enrollment at which MC=MR Source: (Created by Author) Another vital consequence of this model is the significance of the advertising expenditures of this university. The MR of the dollar of advertising becomes equivalent to the price elasticity of demand. Charles Darwin University adopts various forms of advertising methods that includes construction of new building and campuses simply increase marginal revenue (Reisman 2013). With the differentiation of offering higher education in this two campuses, this institution demand curve becomes downward sloping. For maximizing profit, this institution offers enrollment at that level where MR=MC shown in the figure above. Answer 4 Emergency services of Australia such as fire emergency are vital for peoples health and protection of the society and are used to be funded by the Australia government. Now the government does not provide fire emergency services and hence is privatized. As a result, it improved the efficiency and increases competition in the market. On the contrary, privatization creates natural monopoly that seeks in setting higher prices that exploits people. After being privatized, the fire emergency firm increases their cost of service in order to attain higher profitability. This is illustrated by using demand and supply analysis: Figure 3: Demand and supply of fire emergency services Source: (As created by author) The above figure reflects that as the demand for the fire emergency services in Australia increases, the company charges higher price after being privatized. Therefore, this improves the financial performance of the firm as they benefit in attaining higher profit. Moreover, the supply of the services also increases after privatization, so the price declines to the equilibrium point. In addition, if the supply increases and demand does not increase for the emergency services, then it cost of this service will decline from the equilibrium price. Answer 5 Different entities or industry within the nation faces competition that is generally segregated into various models depending on the degree of competition faced by these entities. It includes- pure competition, monopoly, oligopoly and monopolistic competition. These models of competition are illustrated below: Pure competition- This market scenario involves huge number of purchasers and sellers of similar products, but none of them influences the product price. Few conditions that characterizes pure competition are: Though there are huge number of consumers and producers, they donot have control over their commodity price As both the purchasers and retailers deals with homogeneous products, consumers do not prefer merchandise of one retailer over the other as there is no quality or brand value disparity. As the firms are free in entering and exiting the pure competitive market, the manufacturer strategizes in keeping prices competitive for gaining competitive advantage. Monopolistic competition-Since pure competition do not always prevail in the market, producers operate under different competition model that is monopolistic competition. The basic difference between monopolistic and pure competitor is that the former employs product differentiation for establishing comparison between its own commodity and other rivalries commodity. Oligopolistic competition- In this competition model, there are few retailers dominate in the industry and have the capability in influencing the commodity prices (Nagurney Yu 2012). As there are few entities in the competitive market, other companies follow the action taken by one firm. In certain circumstances, firms interdependent behavior outcomes in formal agreement in setting prices which is called as collusion. Therefore, if one entity lowers the product price, other entities follows the same. Monopoly competition- In this case, competition does not exist in the market because there is one retailer that produces specific product that does not have any close substitute. Monopoly and oligopoly competition models prevail in various sectors of the Australian economy. Oligopoly as well as natural monopoly models of competition prevails in service, telecommunication, electricity and gas sectors (Marshall 2012). The telecommunication sector of Australia has been more competitive in current period with high improvement in retail level. It has been stated by (Taussig 2013) that worldwide change in technology of telecommunication industry increases the productivity of nation. Subsequently, Telstra dominates the market with at least two third of the industry listed capitalization in the market. Therefore, Telstras market power continues in sector though recent entrants constructing partial networks. On the contrary, oligopoly competition prevails in Australias airline domestic industry owing to volatility linked to the changes of players. Answer 6 If the pass mark at CDU increases from 50% to 60% for all the tertiary students then enrollment of students in the university decreases. One of the vital factors that affect the performance of the university is the academic performance of the students. From the recent study, it has been reflected that near about 42% of tertiary students enrolled in other university did not complete their education as they fail in their courses (Hausman et al. 2016). Therefore, it can be predicted that the less proportion of students will enroll in this university due to increase in pass mark percentage. It has been noted from the completion data of CDU student released by Australian government that the dropout rate of CDU has been worsening with near about one third of the students wrapping up their education after few years of enrollment. As a result, the ranking of CDU lowered owing to decrease in completion rates of students in the university. As a result, the demand for this degree courses provid ed by this university decreases because of growing rate of dropping out of students (Hart 2013). Moreover, the supply of education in CDU also lowers due to lower rate of enrollment of students. This has been illustrated by the diagram given below: Figure 4: Enrollment of students affecting demand and supply of education offered by CDU Source: (As created by author) Answer 7 a) The marginal cost (MC) of production refers to the total cost change that comes from manufacturing one extra unit of item. Marginal cost is generally analyzed for determining the point at which the companies achieve economies of scale (Kanemoto 2013). The slope of MC curve highlights law of diminishing marginal returns to scale. The U- shaped MC curve as the first portion reflects increasing marginal returns to scale due to fall in MC to minimum point and then diminishing returns to scale owing to rise in MC. Figure 5: Slope of MC curve Source: (Authors creation) Opportunity cost relates to alternative cost of the activities that is computed in terms of next alternative value that is foregone. Opportunity cost as well as marginal cost is vital in those industries where the commodities are being manufactured. Although marginal cost and opportunity cost are not directly linked to each other, they plays a crucial role in business in deciding rise in total production in highly profitable way (Hart 2013). However, the MC also relates with the opportunity cost that is connected with manufacturing extra unit of commodity. Moreover, MC and opportunity cost analyzes the impact of manufacturing added element of product on the business cost. b) Marginal cost is vital in economics as it facilitates the managers of the firms in deciding whether the production cost stays in line with the total profit gained from the overall production. The business cost varies according to the total production. The managers of the entities should comprehend MC so that they have the ability in producing commodities at optimum level while mitigating cost of production. c) The government of Australia sets up NBN (National Broadband Network) in the year 2009 for increasing the connection and broadband speed to each households as well as business of the nation (Mankiw 2014). During that period, NBN is the biggest investment in the public sector as it has been used for replacing existing network in the telecommunication sector. However, it also delivered economic benefits to the nation by enhancing competition for the small business. In addition, it generated new business markets and offered huge job opportunity for Australians. As NBN is a huge business in Australia, marginal cost becomes negligible of adding an additional household in the network. Answer 8 The financial performance and success of supermarkets depends on the competition models, marginal cost, economies of scale, market structures and various other factors. The demand for the products of supermarkets depends on services of product distribution at substantive and methodological level. The supermarkets demonstrate constant MC in respect of total output while decreasing MC in respect of substantial economies of scale. In addition, supermarkets adopt new technology owing to rise in level of competition in the industry. Conclusion From the above report, it has been concluded that level of competition varies according to the different market structure. However, producers plans their pricing strategy based on the target market and competition level. Even privatization also increases the competition level of the firms that leads to rise in price of services and products. Moreover, marginal cost, economies of scale and competition models is important for success of every organizations. References Baldwin, W Scott, J (ed.) 2013,Market structure and technological change, Vol. 18, Taylor Francis. Frank, R.H, Bernanke, B.S. LUI, HK, 2015,Principles of economics, 8th edn., McGraw-Hill Asia. Hart, N, 2013, Alfred Marshall and Modern Economics: Equilibrium Theory and Evolutionary Economics, Springer. Hausman, D, McPherson, M Satz, D, 2016,Economic analysis, moral philosophy, and public policy, 9thedn., Cambridge University Press. Kanemoto, Y., 2013, Second-best costbenefit analysis in monopolistic competition models of urban agglomeration,Journal of urban economics, vol.76, pp.83-92. Kirzner, I.M., 2015,Competition and entrepreneurship, University of Chicago press. Mankiw, N.G, 2014,Essentials of economics, Cengage learning. Marshall, A, 2012,Principles of economics: unabridged eighth edition, Cosimo, Inc.. Nagurney, A. Yu, M., 2012, Sustainable fashion supply chain management under oligopolistic competition and brand differentiation,International Journal of Production Economics,vol.135(2), pp.532-540. Reisman, D, 2013,The Economics of Alfred Marshall (Routledge Revivals), Routledge. Rios, M.C, McConnell, C.R, Brue, S.L., 2013,Economics: Principles, problems, and policies, McGraw-Hill. Taussig, F.W (ed.) 2013,Principles of economics, Vol. 2, Cosimo, Inc.

Education Reforms in Australia

Question: Discuss about the Education Reforms in Australia. Answer: It is worth noting that Australians value education and understand its usefulness to the nations social and economic success. Despite this recognition, international experience shows that the country is at risk lagging behind its peers if the country does not inculcate more effective programs that result in better education outcomes. According to analysis, the genesis of the problem is not the value of the ideas, but instead the gap between resources and capabilities necessary to carry out the change in the education industry. With this view in mind, the article Quality teaching must be the focus of school reform published in the Australian highlights the fact that quality teaching is the first step to achieving reforms in education and scaling the system to greater heights. In this article, the author elucidates that the educational quality is an imperative factor that either makes or breaks a students success at school. Likewise, the Australian council Educational Research report indicates that students learning is inhibited by teachers failing to meet the individual needs of its students. Further, the article reports that teacher absenteeism, resistance to change and being unprepared for classes act as significant impediments to learning. Unfortunately, these are some of the major factors that characterize the current education system in the country. Discussion For years, Australia ranked among the top in the world student achievement in schools league tables. However, this element has declined over the years following a continued slip in the education sector. The ministry has tried various experiments in restructuring schools. However, these efforts have since been rendered ineffective in improving the current state. Regardless, literature indicates that teacher quality is a great determinant of students performance all over the world. Therefore, education reforms within a nation should focus on improving the quality of teaching within the nation before instigating other reforms. Essentially, there are five key steps in implementing reforms in the Australian school system. The first step pertains to identifying the type of reforms that are required within the education system (PWC, n.d.). What follows is the conducting of a student-centric approach to reform using standards and building aspiration. Afterward, the ministry gets help from people with professional expertise in reform. The fourth step involves setting up a plan to realize the ideas on potential improvements (PWC, n.d.). Lastly, the ministry used technology and available data to make more informed choices on what reforms will have the most impact on the current education system. There is a significant correlation between teacher quality and student performance. Imperatively, promoting teacher quality is a fundamental element in enhancing primary and secondary education within the country (Hamid et al., 2012). More specifically, good teachers do not only demonstrate proficiency in their subject area but also nurture their students by displaying optimism, friendliness and creating a conducive environment for learning (Darling-Harmond, 2010). In turn, this guarantees the quality of teaching by enhancing the students class experience and improving their overall performance. Additionally, it is also important for the teachers to possess academic qualifications and professional expertise in the subject that they teach. Unfortunately, a report by the Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute highlights the fact that approximately one-third of mathematics classes between years 7 to 10 are taught by teachers who lack proper math qualifications (The Australian, 2017). For this reason, the teacher quality is compromised since they lack adequate knowledge of the subject matter that they try to pass to their students (Hattie, 2011). It is also saddening that despite the teacher shortages in key subjects such as science and mathematics in the schools in Australia, a significant proportion of primary teaching graduates are unable to find employment every year (Karp, 2016). Thus, the government should step up and encourage the incorporation of graduate trainees into the payroll system to maximize their potential in achieving high-quality performance among students . From the article, it is commendable that the education minister alongside other ministers are ready to address and instigate entry standards and quality assurance of teacher education courses in the country. The proposed evaluation of literary and numeracy skills of new teachers may also come in handy (The Australian, 2017). Often, individuals enroll for education diploma and degree courses following poor performance as relates to the admission ranks of most university programs. For this reason, most teachers become teachers due to the lack of better alternative and missing out on their preferred courses. Consequently, this results in little motivation to improve their quality as teachers, thereby inhibiting not only their performance but also that of their students. It is, however, worth noting that the education ministry of Australia is working towards reforms to correct this issue. More precisely, these weaknesses in the system are being remedied to ensure that individuals do not become teachers due to lack of other alternatives, but on merit with proper numeracy and literacy skills (Australian Government, 2017). Despite this, it is imperative to note that reforms take several years to materialize and be effective (The Australian, 2017). Yet, currently, the Australian economy, quality of life, and the job market demand a more effective school system. In this regard, the government through the ministry of education should instigate creative means to improve teacher quality and enhance student performance (Reforms, 2014). It is through such reforms that the education sector, society and the economy at large will realize the full potential of the nations academic system. Conclusion Education is an essential element in every society. Factually, it is the cornerstone of every social and economic unit in the world. For years, the countrys education system was ranked among the top achievers according to international standards. However, the past few decades have seen the education sector dwindle and reduce in terms of students performance. Hence, reforms are imperative in the education industry. According to the article, teaching quality is a sure way of improving student performance. for this reason, the Australian government should ensure that it employs qualified teachers with requisite training in their subject area to not only improve the quality of teaching but also to enhance the student experience and offer an efficient learning environment. References Curriculum reform in Australia. International Education News. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://internationalednews.com/2014/12/04/curriculum-reform-in-australia/ Darling-Hammond, L. (2010). Evaluating Teacher Effectiveness. Center for American Progress. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.highered.nysed.gov/TELDH.pdf Education improvement in Australia. PWC. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.pwc.com.au/education/education-reform.html/ Hamid. A., Hassan, S., Ismail. H. (2012 Teaching Quality and Performance Among Experienced Teachers in Malaysia. Australian Journal of Teacher Education 3711), pp. 1-20. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ999392.pdf Hattie, J. (2011). Challenge of focusing education reform. The Australian. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/archive/business/rethinking-education-the-challenge-of-focusing-reform/news-story/320a7a0664bad45f074f3d6eb320e059 Karp, P. (2016). Pisa results: Australian students' science, maths and reading in long-term decline. The Guardian. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2016/dec/06/pisa-results-australian-students-science-maths-and-reading-in-long-term-decline Quality teaching must be the focus of school reform. (2017). The Australian. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/opinion/editorials/quality-teaching-must-be-the-focus-of-school-reform/news-story/b068e3d469cd0494304bdc2d80c0d97b. Upholding Quality - Quality Indicators for Learning and Teaching. Australian Government. Retrieved on 18 Apr. 2017, from: https://www.education.gov.au/upholding-quality-quality-indicators-learning-and-teaching

Holy Cross College and Concordia University - Write an Essay About CDL Courses

Holy Cross College and Concordia University - Write an Essay About CDL CoursesHoly Cross College and Concordia University in Montreal have lots of similarities, but they also differ dramatically when it comes to writing a college essay. You may have taken college writing courses before, and you may have seen the same name-your-own-price-writing exercises. However, if you take the time to read both essays and do your own research, you may discover that they are very different experiences. If you don't already have a writing assignment or topic that interests you, consider spending some time reading about this while doing your next essay.One thing you'll find is that the Catholic Campus Ministry provides curriculum for CDL students who want to take their writing and teaching to a higher level. CDL students are those with some college credit who are not enrolled full-time at a four-year college. It's possible that your topic could be an option for this group. Many of the courses are ele ctive subjects that will show you how to communicate effectively with all sorts of people, no matter what religion they practice.Some students will choose to study abroad for their CDL studies, and these students are often more comfortable writing from the perspective of being out of the country. Some CDL programs offer short seminars with local speakers. The assignments are short and are designed to test students' writing skills. You may be able to take advantage of this opportunity by participating in a seminar.Many students in this program prefer to be independent thinkers and are encouraged to seek help and guidance from their teachers and other students, and from the CDL community in general. They also have the option of attending community events, such as religious functions, which they attend with their instructors. It's important to remain true to your faith, so if your religion dictates your lifestyle, you'll want to make sure you can still uphold that belief. Even the free dom to live your own life without having to sacrifice your beliefs can be valuable to someone who believes in God. In addition to CDL courses, there are many other topics of interest to students in this program. A student who desires to further his or her degree can choose to take a course that explores the history of Christianity or one about scientific experiments in the area of physics. The curriculum for this program includes a wide variety of subjects, including classics, computers, geography, math, physics, and other science classes.The beauty of this type of program is that there is a great part for students of any major or skill level. As long as you have an interest in learning, this program is for you. It's also very accessible and flexible. Since this is a community college, many of the instructors are very friendly and helpful. With such a diverse range of subjects, students can easily customize their syllabus to fit their specific interests.At Holy Cross College and Con cordia University, if you choose the CDL program, you're able to explore just about any topic you wish. You don't have to stick to the syllabus or the class structure. You can take your writing seriously and challenge yourself to find innovative ways to explain the information you've learned.At Holy Cross College and Concordia University, you have a number of choices when it comes to choosing the topic for your essay. Since there are so many options, you may want to start searching for different topics to write about. Once you've narrowed down the possibilities, you can start thinking about how to create your own writing. You may decide that the CDL is the best choice for you.

College Essay Writing - How to Be Unique

College Essay Writing - How to Be UniqueAlthough there are many college essay writers, not all of them write in a unique way that makes them distinctive. In fact, there are some writers who write in the same manner and style as everyone else. They are no different from those writers that you find everywhere else.You need to differentiate yourself from these college essay writers by finding out the secret formula they all use and applying it to your writing. What they all have in common is the lack of uniqueness in their writing style.If you use the same essay writing method as the other writers, you will not be able to create a unique essay that stands out from the rest. The secret to being unique is to follow your own methods and write in a way that you will stand out from the rest. The only way to do this is to apply the rules that you learn in school and apply them to your writing.One of the first things you should look for when writing is common grammar. Common grammar simply mea ns that the topic, theme, and the intended audience will be using to determine how the words should be written. As you continue through the essay, you will need to look at how the main characters or subject matter relate to the audience, or topic.Writing using this method will make your essay stand out from the others in a big way. It will also help you understand your audience better and understand how your topics relate to their lives. Being unique comes from your ability to combine your story and subject with the proper vocabulary, grammar, and tone of voice.When writing a story that has many layers, or is multi-layered, it can be easy to get lost in the different aspects. However, when you use a common topic to write on, you will have fewer problems with figuring out what you should use and what you shouldnot use. You will be able to break down the main character into the theme, and understand their relationships.Another thing you should look for is creating an essay that is dif ferent. This is especially true when it comes to personality. When you try to create a unique perspective, it will help you create a more thought provoking essay.Even if you think your writing style is unique, it will still look similar to the next writer if you are writing in the same old way. Therefore, you need to look for ways to add or change things that you find odd or different. By following these simple steps, you will be able to become unique.

The Beach free essay sample

The beaches of Panama City is very nice, but overly crowded. The sand inhabited beach, relaxation in the sun, and fun times. Ah, you’ve arrived to one of your favorite places on Earth, the beach, the magnificent place that God created for relaxation and fun. The beautiful ocean right in front of you. The sand in between your toes, and the blissful sounds of the waves splashing against the shore line. You look around to see the yellow beam of sun shining down on you creating a sense of warmth and happiness throughout your body. You look around to see the different types of people, adults, children, teenagers. The adults are thrilled to be away from their overwhelming everyday lives and are finally able to relax. The children are all exceptionally thrilled about their time at the beach, with their beach toys and friends. The teenagers are thrilled to get to chill, and hang out at the beach, and to get away from their scheduled lives of school and sports etc. We will write a custom essay sample on The Beach or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The sand surrounding the clear aqua ocean is being occupied by many beach towels, umbrellas and chairs. Children are sprinting in the sand and screaming at the top of their lungs as they splash in the water playfully, teens are creating conversation with new friends they’ve just met. You can hear the different types of people squealing at one another in the midst of playing and what not. You look around trying to figure out which fine dining establishment is sending the amazing smells of fresh seafood your way, hoping that maybe tonight you’ll be able to go chow down on your favorite foods. Beach shops prepare for their day of excited travelers bustling in and out of their small seafront shops. Opening their doors, they bring out all of the beach merchandise hoping to sell to the ongoing tourists. As the day comes to a fault there are still activities to be had, crabbing and night walks on the beaches. Some like to watch the sunsets that turns the sea a burnt shade of orange, and the skies a faint color of orange and a mixture of blue which sometimes can result in a pretty cotton candy color. If there are clouds in the sky, it gives a stunning grayish cast that can be quite interesting to look at. The beach is a wonderful place for relaxation, fun in the sun and an overall good time!

College Essay Topics - Compare and Contrast Essay Topics For College

College Essay Topics - Compare and Contrast Essay Topics For CollegeWhen it comes to choosing which topic to write for your college based essay, one of the most popular compare and contrast essay topics for college is one on tax law. Tax laws cover a wide range of subjects including business tax laws, federal taxes, property taxes, state taxes, and local taxes. Most people do not understand that taxes are a social responsibility. Government revenue comes from the personal income of citizens; and when the government collects taxes, they require everyone to pay at least some portion of it.Here are some of the most popular compare and contrast essay topics for college that are applicable to every subject under the sun. The first compare and contrast essay topic is tax regulations. Regulations, even basic ones, affect the average citizen and business. There are many different regulations, such as rules on housing and food preparation, regulations on traffic safety, laws on speed limits, and regulations regarding occupational safety.The next compare and contrast essay topic is complex and significant tax law. Taxes are often complicated. They are often complicated because they are complex in nature. Consider, for example, complicated legislation about computers.Often the complexity of complex tax laws can mean that a person must hire a professional to figure out the intricacies. One way to avoid this is to write a simple tax essay topic, so as to not duplicate the work of a professional. However, it is possible to find such topics that include most of the basic tax laws.The third most popular compare and contrast essay topics for college involve tax laws regarding environmental protection. These laws can also cover complex issues that will not be too difficult for a regular citizen to understand. Some of the common topics that are of great interest to students include energy policy, national and state parks, and fossil fuels. Energy policy topics are frequently used to present environmental management strategies.Another popular compare and contrast essay topic that is appropriate for a college graduate is state tax laws. State tax laws deal with taxes on different kinds of property, such as land, buildings, and land to which someone has built on it. Land to which someone has built on it, for example, can be a tax liability, depending on how much it has been rented out, and how much has been built on it.So, if you are college students, be aware that there are many topics available to you. Just make sure that you choose a topic that is not too specific. Don't go into too much detail, or use too many words. Focus on the core theme of your essay, and write it in such a way that makes it readable.

Free Essays on History Of Guitar Outline

The guitar’s history can be traced back in time through monuments, pictures, poems and sculptors. The name of the guitar can be derived from a modification of the Greek word cithara. It is a musical instrument strung with gut or nylon strings played by the fingers having a body with flat back and slight curves. Its history can be traced back over 4000 years. The oldest evidence of the existence of the guitar dates back to 1900-1800 B.C. It was found in Babylonia on clay plaques, which portray nude figures playing instruments that bear a general resemblance to the guitar. There are many cultures that take claim to inventing the guitar, but many accounts report the Egyptians had a fine example of the guitar with ribs and incurvations and a long neck identified on a monument in Cappadocia, Syria in 1000 B.C. There still seems to be great disagreement in those who claim the guitar originated in Europe or those who state it came from the Arabs. The guitar originally had two courses of strings, two double, the top course single, that ran from a violin-like peg box to a tension bridge glued to the soundboard, or belly; the bridge thus sustained the direct pull of the strings. In the belly was a circular sound hole, often ornamented with a carved wooden rose. In past decades the guitars were made from a solid piece of oak because of the availability of the wood. With many guitar makers experimenting in the renaissance they found that cedar was an easier during the construction and also better for sound quality. Previous the guitars had no soundboard because they were constructed out of a solid piece of wood. Constructors found that with the sound of the hollow guitar did not have the sound quality they wanted. They experimented with pieces of wood inside, and found that making the inside out of pine would increase the overall sound quality of the instrument. The first of the guitars was represented in Western Europe in 1180 A.D. but... Free Essays on History Of Guitar Outline Free Essays on History Of Guitar Outline The guitar’s history can be traced back in time through monuments, pictures, poems and sculptors. The name of the guitar can be derived from a modification of the Greek word cithara. It is a musical instrument strung with gut or nylon strings played by the fingers having a body with flat back and slight curves. Its history can be traced back over 4000 years. The oldest evidence of the existence of the guitar dates back to 1900-1800 B.C. It was found in Babylonia on clay plaques, which portray nude figures playing instruments that bear a general resemblance to the guitar. There are many cultures that take claim to inventing the guitar, but many accounts report the Egyptians had a fine example of the guitar with ribs and incurvations and a long neck identified on a monument in Cappadocia, Syria in 1000 B.C. There still seems to be great disagreement in those who claim the guitar originated in Europe or those who state it came from the Arabs. The guitar originally had two courses of strings, two double, the top course single, that ran from a violin-like peg box to a tension bridge glued to the soundboard, or belly; the bridge thus sustained the direct pull of the strings. In the belly was a circular sound hole, often ornamented with a carved wooden rose. In past decades the guitars were made from a solid piece of oak because of the availability of the wood. With many guitar makers experimenting in the renaissance they found that cedar was an easier during the construction and also better for sound quality. Previous the guitars had no soundboard because they were constructed out of a solid piece of wood. Constructors found that with the sound of the hollow guitar did not have the sound quality they wanted. They experimented with pieces of wood inside, and found that making the inside out of pine would increase the overall sound quality of the instrument. The first of the guitars was represented in Western Europe in 1180 A.D. but...